Interactive transcript · 152 lines
Good morning, and a very warm welcome to TalkCast.
早安，热烈欢迎收听 TalkCast。
It is October 23rd, 2026, and we are absolutely delighted to have you with us as you begin your morning.
今天是2026年10月23日，在我们开始早晨节目之际，非常高兴有您陪伴。
Good morning, everyone.
大家早安。
Pour yourself a warm cup of coffee or tea, stretch out, and get ready for a fresh round of stories
给自己倒上一杯热咖啡或热茶，舒展一下身体，准备迎接新一轮的故事
from across science, culture, and the natural world.
来自科学、文化以及自然界的各个方面。
Here is a quick look at what we are covering today.
以下是今天节目内容的快速概览。
First up, cybersecurity experts and cloud platforms have deployed urgent protections after
首先，在人工智能发现支撑绝大多数互联网的软件中存在严重漏洞之后，网络安全专家和云平台已经部署了紧急保护措施
artificial intelligence uncovered critical security vulnerabilities in software that powers most of
人工智能在驱动绝大部分……的软件中发现了关键的安全漏洞
the World Wide Web.
即万维网。
Then we shift to the creative world, where professional writers are pushing back against the rise of
然后我们转向创意界，专业作家们正在联合抵制...
generative artificial intelligence, asking tough questions about copyright and human imagination.
……生成式人工智能的崛起，并就版权和人类想象力提出了尖锐的问题。
After that, we travel to London, where forensic scientists have finally cracked a 150 -year -old
之后，我们前往伦敦，法医科学家们终于破解了一个历时150年的...
historical puzzle inside Westminster Abbey involving a mysterious Roman stone coffin.
威斯敏斯特修道院内的历史谜团，涉及一个神秘的罗马石棺。
And to finish on a joyful note, we will look at some remarkable wildlife moments, including a giant
最后，在轻松愉快的氛围中，我们将回顾一些非凡的野生动物时刻，包括一只...
Australian bird laying bright green eggs and a friendly shark that finally found its way back to
澳大利亚巨鸟产下亮绿色蛋，以及一条终于找到回...
open waters.
开阔水域的友善鲨鱼。
Let us dive into our top story of the morning.
让我们深入探讨今天早晨的头条新闻。
Over the past 24 hours, the tech industry has been buzzing over a major vulnerability in PHP, one of
在过去的24小时里，科技界一直在热烈讨论PHP中的一个重大漏洞，PHP是...
the foundational programming languages of the modern internet.
现代互联网的基础编程语言之一。
Now, Sophia, for our listeners who do not spend their days writing computer code, what exactly is
索菲亚，对于那些平时不写电脑代码的听众来说，究竟什么是...
PHP and why should everyday internet users care?
PHP，为什么日常互联网用户应该关心它？
That is a great question.
这是一个好问题。
Think of PHP as the unseen plumbing of the web.
你可以把PHP想象成网络看不见的管道系统。
It is an open -source scripting language that runs on web servers behind the scenes.
它是一种在幕后网络服务器上运行的开源脚本语言。
In fact, nearly 70 -80 % of all websites, including popular content management platforms like
事实上，几乎70-80%的网站，包括像……这样流行的内容管理平台
WordPress, rely on PHP to display pages and handle data.
WordPress，都依赖PHP来展示页面和处理数据。
So if PHP has a leaky pipe, pretty much the entire digital neighborhood feels the drop in water pressure. Exactly.
所以如果PHP管道漏水，整个数字社区都会感受到水压下降。正是如此。
Security researchers identified critical vulnerabilities that could allow remote code execution,
安全研究人员识别出了可能允许远程代码执行的关键漏洞
commonly abbreviated as RCE.
通常缩写为RCE。
In simple terms, this means an unauthorized user could potentially run harmful commands on a remote
简单来说，这意味着未经授权的用户可能在远程...
web server.
网络服务器上运行有害指令。
That sounds like a digital master key that lets someone sneak into your house and control the
这听起来就像是一把数码万能钥匙，让某人可以潜入你家并控制...
electronics without ever ringing the doorbell.
在从不按门铃的情况下控制电子设备。
It really is that significant.
它确实有这么重要。
But what makes this story especially fascinating is how these flaws were brought to light.
但这个故事特别迷人的地方在于，这些缺陷是如何被曝光的。
Cybersecurity analysts utilized advanced artificial intelligence systems to comb through millions of
网络安全分析师利用先进的人工智能系统来梳理数百万行...
lines of complex computer code.
复杂的计算机代码。
So instead of human engineers spending months reading software line by line with digital magnifying
因此，人类工程师不需要花几个月时间用数码放大镜逐行阅读软件代码
glasses, the artificial intelligence acted like an automated detective spotting the hidden cracks in days. Precisely.
人工智能就像一个自动化侦探，在几天内就发现了隐藏的裂缝。正是如此。
Major cloud defense networks, including Cloudflare, rolled out automated protective barriers before
包括Cloudflare在内的主要云防御网络推出了自动化防护屏障
broader damage could occur.
在更广泛的损害发生之前。
The tech community is calling this a double -edged milestone.
科技界称这是一个双刃剑式的里程碑。
Attackers may be quick, but defensive AI is becoming a powerful shield for global infrastructure.
攻击者可能很快，但防守型人工智能正在成为全球基础设施的强大盾牌。
It is comforting to know that our digital bodyguards are getting smarter.
得知我们的数字保镖变得越来越聪明，这令人感到安心。
But speaking of artificial intelligence, Sophia, it is not just shaking up computer code.
但说到人工智能，索菲亚，它不仅在撼动计算机代码。
It is also causing quite an uproar in the world of books and literature, right?
它还在图书和文学界引起了不小的骚动，对吧？
It certainly is.
这确实是。
Our second story takes us to the UK, where the Society of Authors, an esteemed union representing
我们的第二个故事带我们去英国，在那里，一个备受尊敬的作家协会代表着...
thousands of novelists, poets, and translators, has officially withdrawn from a prominent ethical AI charter.
成千上万的小说家、诗人和翻译家，已正式退出一项著名的道德人工智能宪章。
Wait a second.
等一下。
If the charter was called ethical, why did the authors decide to walk away?
如果该宪章被称为合乎道德的，为什么作者们决定退出呢？
The issue comes down to trust, consent, and compensation.
这个问题归结为信任、同意和赔偿。
Generative AI models need enormous amounts of written material to learn how to write stories,
生成式人工智能模型需要大量的书面材料来学习如何写故事、
essays, and dialogues.
散文和对话。
Much of that training material was harvested directly from copyrighted books written by human
大部分训练材料都是直接从人类编写的受版权保护的书籍中采集的
authors without their permission or payment.
作者既没有得到许可，也没有获得报酬。
Imagine a master chef spending 20 years creating a signature soup recipe.
想象一下，一位主厨花了 20 年时间创造了一道招牌汤谱。
And then an automated vending machine scans the recipe without asking, copies the flavor, and sells
然后一台自动售货机在不经询问的情况下扫描了食谱，复制了味道，并在隔壁
the exact same soup next door.
出售完全相同的汤。
That is an excellent analogy, Oliver.
这是一个极好的类比，奥利弗。
The authors felt that joining a broad, compromised charter risked legitimizing the unauthorized use
作者们认为，加入一个广泛的、妥协的宪章存在将未经授权使用其创作作品的行为合法化的风险。
of their creative work.
他们的创意工作。
Members expressed concern that publishers might use synthetic text to cut costs, weakening the
成员们表示担心，出版商可能会使用合成文本来削减成本，从而削弱
livelihood of human writers.
人类作家的生计。
That makes complete sense.
这完全讲得通。
When we read a moving piece of literature, we are searching for human empathy, real -life experience,
当我们阅读一篇感人的文学作品时，我们在寻找人类的共情、现实生活经验、
and emotional depth.
以及情感深度。
A machine can predict the next likely word in a sentence, but it does not experience joy, grief, or wonder.
机器可以预测句子中下一个可能出现的词，但它体验不到快乐、悲伤或惊奇。
Well said.
说得好。
The leadership of the society emphasized that their duty is to champion human creativity and protect
该协会的领导层强调，他们的责任是捍卫人类的创造力并保护
the economic rights of creators.
创作者 的经济权利。
This debate shows that as technology leaps forward, society must carefully decide where human
这场辩论表明，随着技术的飞跃发展，社会必须仔细决定人类的
originality remains irreplaceable.
哪里依然保持着无可替代的原创性。
From modern digital dilemmas to a genuine historical detective story, I understand you have some
从现代数字困境到真实的历史侦探故事，我了解到你有一些
intriguing news from London for us, Sophia?
来自伦敦的、引人入胜的消息给我们，索菲亚？
I do.
我有的。
For more than 150 years, historians and visitors at Westminster Abbey have walked past a heavy stone
150多年来，威斯敏斯特教堂的历史学家和游客们一直从一块沉重的石头
coffin, wondering about the identity of the person buried inside.
棺材旁走过，好奇着里面埋葬之人的身份。
A stone coffin.
一个石棺。
Let us introduce that term to our English learners.
让我们向英语学习者介绍这个术语。
The word is sarcophagus.
这个词是石棺。
It refers to a stone coffin, often adorned with carvings, common in ancient civilizations like Rome
它指的是一个石棺，通常装饰着雕刻，在罗马等古代文明中很常见
and Egypt.
以及埃及。
Spot on.
完全正确。
This particular sarcophagus dates back to the 3rd or 4th century, crafted during the era of Roman Britain.
这个特定的石棺可以追溯到公元3、4世纪，在罗马不列颠时期制作。
It was discovered beneath the grass outside Westminster Abbey in 1869.
它于1869年在威斯敏斯特教堂外的草地下方被发现。
However, the lid bore a carved Christian cross, and the skeleton inside has baffled researchers ever since.
然而，盖子上刻有一个基督教十字架，里面的骨骼此后一直使研究人员感到困惑。
Because a Roman stone coffin would typically hold an ancient Roman resident, not someone buried with
因为罗马石棺通常容纳的是古罗马居民，而不是与……埋葬在一起的人
later medieval symbols, correct? Exactly.
后来的中世纪符号，对吗？完全正确。
And now, thanks to modern radiocarbon dating and ancient DNA testing, researchers have finally
现在，多亏了现代放射性碳测年法和古代DNA检测，研究人员终于
cracked the case.
破获了此案。
The skeleton does not belong to a Roman at all.
这具骨骼根本不属于罗马人。
It belonged to a medieval nobleman who lived around the 12th century, nearly 800 years after the
它属于一个生活在12世纪左右的中世纪贵族， 几乎在……之后的近800年
coffin was originally made.
棺材最初制作完成。
Hold on.
等一下。
Are you saying medieval Londoners decided to recycle an ancient Roman coffin?
你是说中世纪的伦敦人决定回收一个古罗马棺材吗？
They absolutely did.
他们绝对这么做了。
Historians refer to this practice as adaptive reuse.
历史学家将这种做法称为适应性再利用。
High -grade stone was exceptionally scarce and expensive to quarry and transport in medieval England.
在英国中世纪，优质石材非常稀缺，开采和运输成本高昂。
When workmen or monks found an ancient, high -quality Roman stone box buried underground, they
当工人们或修士们发现一个埋在地下古老的、高质量的罗马石箱时，他们
cleaned it out, carved a new cross on top, and gave it a second life.
清理干净，在顶部雕刻了一个新的十字架，赋予了它第二次生命。
Talk about the ultimate vintage upcycling.
堪称终极的复古旧物改造。
Instead of commissioning a brand new stone tomb, they repurposed a 400 -year -old antique.
他们没有定制崭新的石墓，而是重新改装了一件拥有400年历史的古董。
It is amazing how modern science can look into a box of bones and tell us a rich story about
现代科学能够通过一箱骨头向我们讲述一个丰富的故事，这真是令人惊叹。
resourcefulness in medieval London.
展现了中世纪伦敦人的机智与应变能力。
It truly connects the ancient world to the medieval era.
它真正地将古代世界与中世纪连接了起来。
Now, let us brighten up our morning with some delightful news from the natural world.
现在，让我们用来自大自然的一些令人愉悦的消息来开启美好的早晨。
Yes, please.
好啊，请讲。
You mentioned earlier that a giant bird laid bright green eggs in Australia.
你刚才提到，澳大利亚有一只巨型鸟产下了鲜绿色的蛋。
I need to hear every detail about this.
我需要听听关于这事的每一个细节。
Down under at Adelaide Zoo in South Australia, zookeepers are celebrating a wonderful conservation achievement.
在南澳大利亚的阿德莱德动物园，动物园管理员们正在庆祝一项伟大的自然保护成就。
Their female southern cassowary has laid rare, vibrant emerald green eggs for the first time since 1992.
它们的雌性南方食火鸡自1992年以来首次产 下了罕见、鲜艳的祖母绿绿色鸟蛋。
34 years of waiting.
34年的等待。
But, Sophia, emerald green?
但是，索菲亚，祖母绿色？
Most bird eggs we see in the kitchen are brown or white.
我们在厨房里看到的大多数鸟蛋都是棕色或白色的。
Why on earth are cassowary eggs green?
为什么食火鸡的蛋偏偏是绿色的呢？
It is nature's own camouflage.
这是大自然自带的伪装。
Southern cassowaries are large, flightless birds that inhabit dense, tropical rainforests.
南方食火鸡是大型不会飞的鸟类，栖息于稠密的热带雨林中。
The female lays her eggs on the forest floor among fallen leaves, shadows, and moss.
雌鸟将卵产在森林地面的落叶、阴影和苔藓之间。
The rich green color comes from a natural pigment called biliverdin, which helps the eggs blend
浓郁的绿色来自一种叫做胆绿素的天然色素，它帮助鸟蛋
seamlessly into the leafy forest floor so predators cannot spot them.
无缝地融入多叶的森林地面，这样捕食者就发现不了它们。
That is brilliant evolutionary engineering.
这真是绝妙的进化工程。
And here is a fun fact for our listeners.
这里为我们的听众准备了一个有趣的冷知识。
Southern cassowaries are often called living dinosaurs because they have glossy black feathers,
南方食火鸡常被称为活恐龙，因为它们拥有光泽的黑色羽毛、
vibrant blue necks, and a tall crest on their heads called a cask.
鲜艳的蓝色脖子，以及头上被称为盔突的高高冠饰。
Plus, it is actually the male cassowary that sits on the eggs and cares for the chicks.
另外，实际上是雄性食火鸡孵蛋并照顾雏鸟。
A very dedicated father indeed.
确实是一位非常尽职的父亲。
And we have one more uplifting wildlife update this morning.
今天早上我们还有一个更令人振奋的野生动物最新消息。
Over in Busan, South Korea, a dusky shark that had accidentally wandered into an inner -city harbor
在韩国釜山，一条不小心游入市内港口运河的暗灰鲨
canal has successfully swum back out to the open sea.
运河已经成功游回了公海。
I remember reading about that shark.
我记得读过关于那只鲨鱼的报道。
It became a local superstar.
它成了当地的超级明星。
Local residents and camera crews watched over the canal for days, hoping it would not get stranded.
当地居民和摄像团队在运河边守候了好几天，希望它不会搁浅。
That is right.
没错。
Marine experts and local officials carefully monitored the tides, cleared obstacles, and gently
海洋专家和当地官员仔细监测了潮汐，清除了障碍物，并温和地
encouraged the healthy shark back into deeper coastal waters, where it safely rejoined the open ocean.
鼓励健康的鲨鱼回到较深的沿海水域，在那里它安全地重返了广阔的海洋。
What a lovely ending.
多么美好的结局啊。
From giant green eggs in Australia to a rescued shark in South Korea, it is wonderful to see
从澳大利亚的巨型绿蛋到韩国被营救的鲨鱼，很高兴看到
communities looking after our wild neighbors.
社区们在照顾我们野外邻居。
It certainly gives us a refreshing start to the day.
它无疑为我们这一天带来了焕然一新的开始。
That brings us to the end of this morning's broadcast on Talkcast.
这标志着今天早晨Talkcast广播的结束。
Today, we explored how artificial intelligence is defending the web while challenging human arts,
今天，我们探讨了人工智能如何在捍卫网络的同时挑战人类艺术，
how medieval Londoners recycled an ancient Roman sarcophagus, and how nature continues to surprise
中世纪的伦敦人是如何回收古罗马石棺的，以及大自然如何不断给我们带来惊喜
us with green eggs and ocean wanderers.
带来绿色的蛋和海洋漫游者。
Before you head out into your day, here is our question of the day for you to discuss with a friend
在你开始一天的生活之前，这是我们今天的问题，供你与朋友讨论
or write about in your study journal.
或者在你的学习日志中写下来。
If you were an author writing your next story, would you ever invite artificial intelligence to help
如果你是一位正在创作下一部作品的作家，你会邀请人工智能来帮忙
you brainstorm, or do you believe writing should remain entirely human?
让你头脑风暴，还是你认为写作应该完全由人类完成？
Think about your reasons.
想想你的理由。
We hope that sparks a great morning conversation.
我们希望这能引发一场精彩的晨间对话。
Have an inspiring, productive day ahead, everyone.
祝大家度过一个充满启发且高效的崭新一天。
Take care, stay curious, and we will talk to you next time on Talkcast. Goodbye. Goodbye.
保重，保持好奇，我们下次 Talkcast 再见。再见。
