Interactive transcript · 185 lines
Good morning, everyone.
大家早上好。
Welcome to TalkCast, your daily dose of morning news in simple English.
欢迎收听 TalkCast，用简单英语为您提供每日晨间新闻剂量。
I am Benjamin.
我是本杰明。
And I am Sophia.
我是索菲亚。
Good morning, our wonderful listeners.
我们棒极了的听众朋友们，早上好。
It is great to be here with you on this beautiful morning of September 10th, 2026.
很高兴能在 2026 年 9 月 10 日这个美好的早晨与大家相聚。
I hope you are having a wonderful start to your day.
希望大家今天有一个美好的开始。
It is a beautiful morning, and I hope you have a warm cup of tea or coffee ready as we look at
这是一个美好的早晨，希望在我们关注……时，你已准备好一杯热茶或咖啡
today's news.
今天的新闻。
Yes, indeed.
是的，确实如此。
Morning is the best time to learn something new.
早晨是学习新知识的最佳时间。
My brain is fully awake and ready to practice some English.
我的大脑完全清醒了，准备练习英语。
Before we look at today's headlines, we want to share our deepest thanks to all our TalkCast members.
在浏览今天的头条新闻之前，我们想向 TalkCast 的所有会员表达最深切的感谢。
Your support helps us run this show every single day.
您的支持帮助我们每天坚持制作这个节目。
Yes, thank you so much.
是的，非常感谢大家。
And if you are not a member yet, please think about joining us.
如果您还不是会员，请考虑加入我们。
We really need your help to keep producing these episodes for English learners all over the world.
我们真的很需要您的帮助，以便继续为全世界的英语学习者制作这些集节目。
Today, we have some very interesting health and science news to share.
今天，我们有一些非常有趣的健康和科学 新闻要与大家分享。
First, we will talk about how a famous weight loss drug might help people who have trouble breathing.
首先，我们将讨论一种著名的减肥药如何帮助有呼吸困难的人。
That sounds amazing.
听起来太神奇了。
After that, we will share a story about sleepy dogs, collapsing mice, and a very famous science prize.
在那之后，我们将分享一个关于困倦的狗、倒下的小鼠和一项非常著名的科学奖项的故事。
Then, we will look at new guidelines that show how we can protect our brains and prevent memory loss.
然后，我们将了解新的指导方针，展示我们如何保护大脑并预防记忆力减退。
And finally, we will share a quick health warning for anyone who loves using their laptop while
最后，我们将为每一个喜欢在使用笔记本电脑的同时……的人分享一个简短的健康警告
sitting on the sofa.
坐在沙发上。
Let's start with our first story.
让我们从第一个报道开始吧。
Scientists have found a surprising new benefit of the weight loss drug Ozempic.
科学家们发现了减肥药 Ozempic 的一个令人惊喜的新益处。
A new study shows that it can reduce asthma attacks by 40%.
一项新研究表明，它可以减少 40% 的哮喘发作。
Wow, 40 % is a very big drop.
哇，40% 是一个非常大的降幅。
But wait, Benjamin, let's explain the word asthma for our listeners.
不过等等，本杰明，让我们为听众解释一下“哮喘”这个词。
What exactly is asthma?
哮喘究竟是什么？
Great question.
问得好（好问题）。
Asthma is a common lung condition.
哮喘是一种常见的肺部疾病。
It makes it difficult for a person to breathe because their airways become narrow and swollen.
它会使人难以呼吸，因为他们的气道变窄并且肿胀。
Ah, I see.
啊，我明白了。
So, is it like trying to breathe through a very thin straw instead of a wide tube? Exactly.
所以，这就像试图通过一根非常细的吸管而不是粗管子来呼吸？完全正确。
That is a perfect metaphor, Sophia.
这是一个完美的比喻，索菲亚。
When a person has an asthma attack, their breathing tubes get tight and they cannot get enough air
当一个人哮喘发作时，他们的呼吸管会变紧，无法获得足够的空气
into their lungs.
进入他们的肺部。
So, how does a weight loss drug like Ozempic help with a breathing problem?
那么，像 Ozempic 这样的减肥药是如何帮助改善呼吸问题的呢？
Well, Ozempic belongs to a group of drugs called GLP -1.
嗯，Ozempic 属于一类被称为 GLP-1 的药物。
These drugs do not just help people lose weight.
这些药物不仅仅能帮助人们减肥。
They also reduce inflammation in the body.
它们还能减少体内的炎症。
Let's stop there.
我们先停在这里。
Inflammation is another big medical word.
“炎症”是另一个大型医学词汇。
Can you explain what inflammation is? Sure.
你能解释一下什么是炎症吗？当然。
Inflammation is the body's natural reaction to injury or infection.
炎症是身体对伤害或感染的自然反应。
But sometimes it goes wrong.
但有时它会出错。
Think of it like a small fire inside your body.
把它想象成你身体内部的一场小火灾。
It makes the tissues red, hot, and swollen.
它会让组织发红、发热和肿胀。
I get it.
我懂了。
So, if asthma is like a fire in the breathing tubes, this drug acts like a fire extinguisher to put
所以，如果哮喘就像是呼吸管道里着了一场火，这种药物就像灭火器一样去
the fire out.
把火扑灭。
Yes, exactly.
是的，确实如此。
It calms the lungs and stops the swelling.
它能平复肺部并消退肿胀。
This is a huge discovery because many people with severe asthma do not get enough help from regular inhalers.
这是一个重大发现，因为许多重度哮喘患者无法从常规吸入器中获得足够的帮助。
That is wonderful news for millions of people around the world.
对于全球数以百万计的人来说，这真是个极好的消息。
It is amazing how one drug can do so many different things.
一种药物居然能起到这么多不同的作用，真是太神奇了。
It really is.
确实如此。
Now, let's move on to our second story.
现在，让我们转到第二个报道。
It is about a scientist named Emmanuel Mignote who just won a very prestigious award called the
这是关于一位名叫埃马纽埃尔·米尼奥的科学家，他刚刚获得了一个非常享有盛誉的奖项，名为
Lasker Award.
拉斯克奖。
This award is often called America's Nobel Prize.
这个奖项通常被称为美国的诺贝尔奖。
Oh, congratulations to him.
噢，祝贺他。
What did he discover to win such a big prize?
他发现了什么从而获得这么大的奖项？
He discovered the cause of narcolepsy, which is a rare but serious brain disorder. Narcolepsy.
他发现了发作性睡病的原因，这是一种罕见但严重的脑部疾病。发作性睡病。
That is a hard word to say.
那真是个难念的词。
What does it actually mean?
它到底是什么意思？
Narcolepsy is a condition that makes people feel extremely sleepy during the day.
发作性睡病是一种让人在白天感到极其嗜睡的疾病。
They can fall asleep suddenly at any time, even while talking, eating, or working.
他们会在任何时间突然入睡，甚至是在说话、吃东西或工作的时候。
Oh, dear.
噢，天哪。
That must be very difficult and even dangerous.
那一定非常艰难，甚至很危险。
How did the scientist find the cause of this?
这位科学家是怎么找到这个原因的？
He found it by studying sleepy dogs, especially Dobermans and Labradors, and also some special mice.
他是通过研究嗜睡的狗，尤其是杜宾犬和拉布拉多犬，以及一些特殊的实验鼠发现的。
These animals had narcolepsy too.
这些动物也患有发作性睡病。
Wait, so the dogs would just fall asleep while they were playing?
等等，所以狗狗在玩耍的时候就会直接睡着？
Yes, exactly.
是的，没错。
For example, if a Doberman saw a tasty treat, it would get very excited.
例如，如果一只杜宾犬看到美味的零食，它就会变得非常兴奋。
Then its back legs would suddenly stop working and it would lie down on the floor.
然后它的后腿就会突然失去知觉，躺倒在地板上。
Oh, poor dog.
噢，可怜的狗。
But it sounds a bit funny too.
不过听起来也有点有趣。
Why did their legs stop working when they got excited?
为什么它们兴奋的时候腿就会停止运转呢？
That is called cataplexy.
那被称为猝倒症。
It is a symptom of narcolepsy.
这是发作性睡病的一个症状。
When the animals feel strong emotions like joy or excitement, their brain suddenly turns off their muscles. Wow.
当动物感受到强烈情绪（如喜悦或兴奋）时，它们的大脑会突然关闭肌肉功能。哇。
So it's like a computer that suddenly shuts down because you opened a fun game?
所以就像一台电脑因为你打开了一个有趣的游戏而突然关机一样？
Yes, exactly.
是的，完全正确。
Their brain sends a stop signal to their muscles. Dr.
它们的大脑向肌肉发送停止信号。米诺特
McNote discovered that these animals and humans with narcolepsy are missing a key chemical in the brain.
博士发现，患有发作性睡病的动物和人类在大脑中缺失了一种关键的化学物质。
This chemical is called hypocretin. Hypocretin?
这种化学物质被称为食欲素。食欲素？
What does that chemical do in a normal brain?
这种化学物质在正常的大脑中起什么作用？
It acts like an alarm clock in the brain.
它的作用就像大脑里的闹钟。
It tells the brain when to stay awake.
它告诉大脑什么时候保持清醒。
Without it, the brain gets confused and falls asleep without warning.
没有它，大脑就会陷入混乱，并在没有任何预警的情况下入睡。
That is a brilliant discovery.
那真是个伟大的发现。
Now that we know the cause, scientists can develop better treatments to help people stay awake and
既然我们知道了原因，科学家就可以开发出更好的疗法来帮助人们保持清醒并
live normal lives. Absolutely.
过上正常人的生活。毫无疑问。
It is a beautiful example of how studying animals can help us understand human health. Dr.
这是研究动物如何帮助我们了解人类健康的一个极好范例。米诺特
McNote spent many years caring for these special dogs, and his dedication really changed the world.
博士 花了许多年照顾这些特殊的狗狗，他的奉献真的改变了世界。
It really did.
确实改变了。
Speaking of keeping our brains healthy, what is our third story about?
说到保持我们大脑健康，我们的第三个报道是关于什么的？
Our third story is about new guidelines from the World Health Organization, or the WHO.
我们的第三个故事是关于世界卫生组织（WHO）的最新指南。
They say we can prevent or delay 45 % of dementia cases. 45 %?
他们说我们可以预防或延缓45%的痴呆病例。45%？
That is almost half of all cases.
这几乎占了所有病例的一半。
But first, what is dementia?
但首先，什么是痴呆？
Dementia is not one single disease.
痴呆并不是单一的一种疾病。
It is a term for a group of symptoms that affect memory, thinking, and social abilities.
它是指影响记忆、思维和社交能力的一组症状。
The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer's disease.
最常见的痴呆类型是阿尔茨海默病。
Yes, many people worry about losing their memory as they get older.
是的，许多人担心随着年龄增长会丧失记忆力。
So how can we prevent it?
那么我们该如何预防它呢？
What do the new guidelines say?
新指南说了什么？
The WHO identified 14 risk factors that we can actually change in our lives.
世界卫生组织确定了14种我们实际上可以在生活中改变的风险因素。
These include things like treating hearing loss, getting regular exercise, eating a healthy diet,
其中包括治疗听力损失、定期锻炼、健康饮食，
and staying socially active.
以及保持社交活跃。
Ah, so it is not just about our genes.
啊，所以这不仅仅取决于我们的基因。
We can actually do things in our daily lives to protect our brains. Exactly.
我们实际上可以在日常生活中采取行动来保护我们的大脑。完全正确。
For example, another new study showed that sleep quality is very important.
例如，另一项新研究表明睡眠质量非常重要。
Even very low light in your bedroom while you sleep can affect your heart and brain health.
睡觉时卧室里哪怕微弱的光线也会影响你的心脏和大脑健康。
Oh, really?
噢，真的吗？
I often leave a small nightlight on in my room.
我经常在房间里开着一盏小夜灯。
Is that bad? Yes.
那样不好吗？是的。
The study found that even dim light can keep your body from entering deep sleep.
研究发现，即使是微弱的光线也会阻止你的身体进入深度睡眠。
Deep sleep is when the brain cleans out harmful waste. Oh.
深度睡眠是大脑清理有害废物的时刻。噢。
So keeping your brain healthy is like keeping a garden.
所以保持大脑健康就像打理一座花园。
If you water it with exercise, see friends, and get deep sleep in a dark room, the plants stay healthy.
如果你用运动、拜访朋友并在黑暗的房间里深度睡眠来浇灌它，植物就能保持健康。
But if you ignore it, the weeds grow.
但如果你忽视它，杂草就会生长。
That is a beautiful metaphor, Sophia.
这是一个非常美好的比喻，索菲娅。
Yes, we need to take care of our brain's environment every day.
是的，我们需要每天维护大脑的环境。
The WHO says starting early in life is the best way to protect your future.
世卫组织表示，及早开始是保护你未来的最佳方式。
I am definitely going to turn off all the lights in my bedroom tonight.
今晚我绝对要关掉卧室里的所有灯。
My brain needs a good clean.
我的大脑需要好好清理一下。
Good idea.
好主意。
Now, let's move to our last story, which is a quick warning for all device users.
现在，让我们转到最后一个故事，这是给所有设备使用者的一条简短警告。
Doctors have warned that children and teenagers are getting a condition called toasted skin syndrome.
医生警告说，儿童和青少年正在患上一种被称为“烘烤皮肤综合征”的病症。
Toasted skin syndrome?
烘烤皮肤综合征？
That sounds like something you get from sitting too close to a campfire.
听起来像是坐得离篝火太近才会得的病。
Or maybe eating too much toast?
或者可能是吃了太多吐司？
No, it actually comes from resting hot laptops directly on your bare skin for a long time.
不，它实际上是因为长时间将发热的笔记本电脑直接放在裸露的皮肤上造成的。
Oh, I do that all the time when I work on the sofa.
噢，我在沙发上工作时经常这么做。
Is it really dangerous?
这真的很危险吗？
It can be.
确实有可能。
The medical name for it is erythema ab ignae.
它的医学名称是火激红斑。
It happens when the skin is exposed to heat that is not hot enough to cause a real burn, but is hot
当皮肤暴露于不足以引起真正烫伤但热度足够
enough to change the skin color.
改变皮肤颜色的热量时，就会发生这种情况。
It leaves a red, pattern -like mark on the skin.
它会在皮肤上留下红色的网状痕迹。
Oh, I see.
噢，我明白了。
So it is like gently baking your legs like a piece of bread in a toaster. Yes.
所以这就像把腿像面包片一样放在烤面包机里慢慢烘烤。是的。
The heat from the laptop is usually around 44 degrees Celsius.
笔记本电脑发出的热量通常在44摄氏度左右。
If you do this for hours every day, it can cause permanent skin discoloration and damage.
如果你每天这样做几个小时，可能会导致永久性的皮肤变色和损伤。
That does not sound pretty at all.
这听起来一点也不美妙。
What should we do to prevent it?
我们该怎么做来预防它呢？
Doctors say we should always use a laptop stand, a pillow, or a table.
医生说我们应该总是使用笔记本电脑支架、枕头或桌子。
Never put a hot device directly on your bare legs.
切勿将发热的设备直接放在你裸露的腿上。
That is a very useful tip.
那是一个非常实用的小贴士。
I will definitely start using a laptop stand or a table from now on.
从现在开始，我一定会开始使用笔记本电脑支架或桌子。
My legs do not need to look like toasted bread. Indeed.
我的腿不需要看起来像烘烤过的面包。确实如此。
It is a simple change that can protect your skin.
这是一个可以保护你皮肤的简单改变。
Well, those were some truly fascinating stories today, Benjamin.
嗯，本杰明，今天那些故事真的非常迷人。
They certainly were.
它们确实很迷人。
And now, listeners, it is time for our daily quiz to test what we have learned today.
现在，听众朋友们，是时候进行我们的每日小测验，测试一下我们今天学到的内容了。
I'm ready.
我准备好了。
What is today's question?
今天的问题是什么？
Here is the question.
问题来了。
What is narcolepsy, and what is the key brain chemical that people with narcolepsy are missing?
什么是发作性睡病？患有发作性睡病的人缺失的关键大脑化学物质是什么？
I will give our listeners a few seconds to think about it. Okay.
我会给听众几秒钟的时间思考一下。好的。
Narcolepsy is a brain disorder that makes people feel extremely sleepy during the day and fall
发作性睡病是一种大脑障碍，它会让人们在白天感到极其困倦，并且
asleep suddenly.
突然入睡。
The key chemical they are missing is called hypocretin, which acts like the brain's internal alarm clock.
他们缺失的关键化学物质叫做下丘脑泌素，它的作用就像大脑内部的闹钟。
Spot on, Sophia.
完全正确，索菲亚。
Well done.
做得好。
Thank you.
谢谢你。
Now, we have an open, interesting question for all of you in our community.
现在，我们为社区里的所有人准备了一个开放而有趣的问题。
Do you have a habit of using your laptop on your lap?
你有把笔记本电脑放在大腿上使用的习惯吗？
Also, what do you do to keep your brain active and healthy?
此外，你做些什么来保持大脑活跃和健康？
Do you have any special sleep habits?
你有任何特殊的睡眠习惯吗？
Please write your answers in the comments section below, or check out what other listeners are saying.
请在下方的评论区写下你的答案，或者看看其他听众是怎么 说的。
We love reading your stories and learning from your experiences.
我们喜欢阅读你们的故事，并从你们的经历中学习。
Yes, and don't forget that you can find the full English transcript of today's episode on our
是的，别忘了你可以在我们的平台上找到今天这集节目的完整英文逐字稿，就在
official WeChat public account, TalkCast.
官方微信公众号 TalkCast 上。
It is a great tool to help you study the vocabulary and grammar.
这是帮助你学习词汇和语法的好工具。
Thank you all for your amazing support and warm feedback.
感谢大家给力的支持和温暖的反馈。
Please subscribe to TalkCast and share this episode with anyone who is learning English.
请订阅 TalkCast，并将这一集分享给任何正在学习英语的人。
Have a wonderful, healthy, and safe day ahead, everyone.
祝大家接下来的每一天都过得精彩、健康和安全。
See you tomorrow.
明 天见。
Goodbye, everyone.
大家再见。
Stay curious and keep learning.
保持好奇，不断学习。
